Flowers accompany us through all stages of life. We are welcomed into the world with flowers, they adorn our most important celebrations, and often our graves. But flowers are also used as symbols for invisible events and things, to help us imagine them better. “It is only the physical presence of many in real space that creates those images which, through their global circulation, build up the pressure that erodes traditional structures.”1 Many peaceful revolutions have been named after flowers (and fruits), symbolizing nonviolence in the struggle for democracy. 'Flower revolutions' (sometimes also called ‘color revolutions’) were a series of mostly nonviolent protests that accompanied sometimes successful changes in government and society in post-Soviet states (Armenia, Georgia, Ukraine, and Kyrgyzstan) and in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia at the beginning of the 21st century. Later, this floral symbolism spread to Asia and Africa (Myanmar, Tunisia, and Egypt) and became a global symbol. "Starting with the military coup against the dictatorship in Portugal in 1974, which was welcomed by the population with red carnations, flowers with positive connotations, and a color that creates identity, has since the millennium mostly represented peaceful regime changes initiated by the people. The Carnation Revolution was followed in 2003 by the Rose Revolution in Georgia, in 2004 by the Orange Revolution in Ukraine, in 2005 by the Cedar Revolution in Lebanon and the Tulip Revolution in Kyrgyzstan, and in 2007 by the (failed) Cornflower Revolution in Belarus. The 2007 Saffron Revolution in Myanmar, the 2010 Jasmine Revolution in Tunisia, and the 2011 Lotus Revolution in Egypt were also characterized as 'color revolutions’ by the international media. The series aims to commemorate nonviolent revolutions and celebrate flowers as part of our lives.
- AJermolaewa, Anna. The Penultimate. Installation, 2017. Exhibited at the Austrian Pavilion, 60th International Art Exhibition, Venice Biennale 2024. http://www.jermolaewa.com/penultimate.html ↩